Pertaining to
- -ac
- pertaining to
- -al
- pertaining to
- -ar
- pertaining to
- -ary
- pertaining to
- -eal
- pertaining to
- -ial
- pertaining to
- -ical
- pertaining to
- -ic
- pertaining to
- -ine
- pertaining to
- -ior
- pertaining to
- -ory
- pertaining to
- -ous
- pertaining to
- -tic
- pertaining to
Abnormal Conditions
- -ago
- abnormal condition, disease
- -esis
- abnormal condition, disease
- -ia
- abnormal condition, disease
- -iasis
- abnormal condition, disease
- -ion
- condition
- -ism
- condition, state of
- -nic
- pertaining to
- -osis
- abnormal condition, disease
Noun Endings
- -a
- noun ending
- -ae
- plural noun ending
- -e
- noun ending
- -i
- plural noun ending
- -um
- singular noun ending
- -us
- singular noun ending
- -y
- noun ending
Appendix
A
- a-
- no, not, without, away from, negative
- -a
- noun ending
- ab-
- away from, negative, absent
- abdomin/o
- abdomen
- -able
- capable of, able to
- abrad/o, abras/o
- rub or scrape off
- abrupt/o
- broken away from
- abs-
- away from
- abscess/o
- collection of pus
- -ac
- pertaining to
- -acious
- characterized by
- acous/o, acoust/o
- hearing, sound
- acr/o
- extremities (hands and feet), top, extreme point
- actin/o
- light
- acu/o
- sharp, severe, sudden
- ad-
- toward, to, in the direction of
- aden/o
- gland
- adenoid/o
- adenoids
- adhes/o
- stick to, cling to
- adip/o
- fat
- adnex/o
- bound to
- adren/o, adrenal/o
- adrenal glands
- aer/o
- air, gas
- af-
- toward, to
- affect/o
- exert influence on
- -ago
- abnormal condition, disease
- agor/a
- marketplace
- -agra
- excessive pain, seizure
- -aise
- comfort, ease
- -al
- pertaining to
- alb/o, albin/o
- white
- albumin/o
- albumin, protein
- alg/o, alges/o
- pain, relationship to pain
- -algia
- pain, suffering, painful condition
- align/o
- bring into line or correct position
- aliment/o
- to nourish
- all/o, all-
- other, different from normal, reversal
- alopec/o
- baldness
- alveol/o
- alveolus, air sac, small sac
- ambi-
- both sides, around or about, double
- ambly/o
- dull, dim
- ambulat/o
- walking
- -amine
- nitrogen compound
- amni/o
- amnion, fetal membrane
- amput/o
- cut away, cut off a part of the body
- amyl/o
- starch, carbohydrate
- an-
- not, without
- ana-
- up, apart, excessive
- an/o
- anus, ring
- -an
- characteristic of, pertaining to
- -ancy
- state of
- andr/o
- male, masculine
- aneurysm/o
- aneurysm
- angi/o
- blood or lymph vessel
- anis/o
- unequal
- ankyl/o
- crooked, bent, stiff
- anomal/o
- irregularity
- ante-
- before, in front of, forward
- anter/o
- before, front
- anti-
- against
- anxi/o
- anxiety, anxious, uneasy
- aort/o
- aorta
- ap-
- toward, to
- -apheresis
- removal
- aphth/o
- ulcer
- apic/o
- apex, tip
- ap-, apo-
- separation, away from, opposed, detached
- append/o, appendic/o
- appendix
- aque/o
- water
- -ar
- pertaining to
- -arche
- beginning
- areat/o
- occurring in patches or circumscribed areas
- areol/o
- little open space, space around the nipple
- -aria
- connected with
- arter/o, arteri/o
- artery
- arthr/o
- joint
- articul/o
- joint
- -ary
- pertaining to
- as-
- toward, to
- -ase
- enzyme
- aspir/o, aspirat/o
- to breathe in
- -asthenia
- weakness, lack of strength
- asthm/o
- asthma
- astr/o
- star, star-shaped
- at-
- toward, to
- atel/o
- incomplete, imperfect
- ather/o
- plaque, fatty substance
- -ation
- state or action
- atri/o
- atrium (of the heart)
- attenu/o
- diluted, weakened
- audi/o, audit/o
- ear, hearing, the sense of hearing
- aur/i
- ear, hearing
- auscult/a, auscult/o
- listen
- aut/o
- self
- axill/o
- armpit
B
- bacteri/o
- bacteria (singular, bacterium)
- balan/o
- glans penis
- bar/o
- pressure, weight
- bas/o
- base, opposite of acid (alkaline)
- bi-
- twice, double, two
- bi/o
- life
- bifid/o
- split, divided into two parts
- bil/i
- bile, gall
- bilirubin/o
- bilirubin
- bin-
- two
- -blast
- embryonic, immature, formative element
- blephar/o
- eyelid
- brachi/o
- arm
- brachy-
- short
- brady-
- slow
- bronchi/o, bronch/o
- bronchial tube, bronchus
- bronchiol/o
- bronchiole, bronchiolus
- brux/o
- grind
- bucc/o
- cheek
- burs/o
- bursa, sac of fluid near joint
C
- calcane/o
- calcaneus, heel bone
- calc/i
- calcium, lime, the heel
- calci-, calc/o
- calcium
- calcul/o
- stone, little stone
- cali/o, calic/o
- cup-like structure, calyx
- calor/i
- heat
- canth/o
- corner of the eye
- capill/o
- hair
- capit/o
- head
- capn/o
- carbon dioxide, sooty or smoky appearance
- capsul/o
- little box
- carb/o
- carbon
- carcin/o
- cancerous
- cardi/o, card/o
- heart
- cari/o
- caries, tooth decay
- carp/o
- wrist bones
- catabol/o
- a breaking down
- caud/o
- lower part of body, tail
- caus/o
- burning, burn
- cav/o
- hollow, cave
- cec/o
- cecum
- -cele
- hernia, tumor, swelling
- -centesis
- surgical puncture to remove fluid
- cephal/o
- head
- cerebell/o
- cerebellum
- cerebr/o
- cerebrum, brain
- cervic/o
- neck, cervix (neck of uterus)
- cheil/o
- lip or lips
- chem/o
- drug, chemical
- chir/o
- hand
- chol/e
- bile, gall
- cholangi/o
- bile duct
- cholecyst/o
- gallbladder
- choledoch/o
- common bile duct
- cholesterol/o
- cholesterol
- chondr/i, chondr/o
- cartilage
- chori/o, chorion/o
- chorion, membrane
- choroid/o
- choroid layer of eye
- chrom/o
- color
- chron/o
- time
- -cide
- causing death
- cili/o
- eyelashes
- cine-
- movement
- circulat/o
- circulate, go around in a circle
- cirrh/o
- orange-yellow, tawny
- cis/o
- to cut
- -clasis
- break down
- claudicat/o
- to limp
- claustr/o
- barrier, enclosed space
- clavicul/o
- clavicle, collar bone
- cleid/o
- clavicle, collar bone
- clon/o
- violent action
- co-
- together, with
- coagul/o
- clotting, coagulation
- coarct/o, coarctat/o
- press together, narrow
- cocc/o
- spherical bacteria
- coccyg/o
- coccyx, tailbone
- cochle/o
- spiral, snail, snail shell
- coit/o
- a coming together
- col/o
- colon, large intestine
- coll/a
- glue
- colon/o
- colon, large intestine
- colp/o
- vagina
- com-
- together, with
- comat/o
- deep sleep
- comminut/o
- break into pieces
- communic/o
- share, to make common
- concav/o
- hollow
- concept/o
- become pregnant
- concuss/o
- shaken together, violently agitate
- coni/o
- dust
- constrict/o
- draw tightly together
- contin/o
- hold together
- contra-
- against, counter, opposite
- contus/o
- bruise
- convex/o
- arched, vaulted
- convuls/o
- pull together
- cor/o
- pupil
- cordi/o
- heart
- coron/o
- coronary, crown
- corpor/o
- body
- cortic/o
- cortex, outer region
- cost/o
- rib
- crani/o
- skull
- -crasia
- a mixture or blending
- creatin/o
- creatinine
- crin/o, -crine
- to secrete
- -crit
- to separate
- cry/o
- cold
- crypt/o
- hidden
- cubit/o
- elbow
- culd/o
- cul-de-sac, blind pouch
- -cusis
- hearing
- cusp/o
- point
- cutane/o
- skin
- cyan/o
- blue
- cycl/o
- ciliary body of eye, cycle
- cyst/o
- urinary bladder, cyst, sac of fluid
- cyt/o, -cyte
- cell
D
- dacry/o
- tear, lacrimal duct (tear duct)
- dacryocyst/o
- lacrimal sac (tear sac)
- dactyl/o
- finger, toe
- de-
- down, lack of, from, not, removal
- deci-
- ten, tenth
- decidu/o
- shedding, falling off
- delt/o
- Greek letter delta, a triangular shape
- delus/o
- delude, cheat
- dem/o
- people, population
- demi-
- half
- dendr/o
- branching, resembling a tree
- dent/i, dent/o
- tooth, teeth
- depress/o
- press down, lower, pressed or sunk down
- -derma, dermat/o, derm/o
- skin
- desicc/o
- drying, to dry
- -desis
- to bind, tie together
- dextr/o
- right side
- di-
- twice, twofold, double
- dia-, di-
- through, between, apart, complete
- diaphor/o
- sweat
- diaphragmat/o
- diaphragm
- didym/o
- testes, twins
- digest/o
- digest, break down (food)
- digit/o
- digit, finger or toe
- dilat/o
- spread out, widen
- dipl/o
- double
- dips/o, -dipsia
- thirst
- dis-
- negative, apart, absence of
- dissect/o
- cutting apart
- dist/o
- far, away from the point of origin
- distend/o
- stretch apart, expand
- dors/o
- back of body
- -dote
- what is given
- -drome
- to run, running
- -duct
- opening
- duct/o
- to lead, carry
- duoden/o
- duodenum, first part of small intestine
- dur/o
- dura mater
- -dynia
- pain
- dys-
- bad, difficult, painful
E
- e-
- out of, from
- -e
- noun ending
- -eal
- pertaining to
- ec-
- out, outside
- ecchym/o
- pouring out of juice or blood
- ech/o
- sound wave, echo
- -ectasis
- stretching, dilation, enlargement
- ecto-
- out, outside
- -ectomy
- surgical removal, cutting out, excision
- -ectopy
- displacement
- -edema
- swelling
- edentul/o
- without teeth
- ef-
- out
- effus/o
- pouring out
- ejaculat/o
- throw or hurl out
- electr/o
- electricity, electric
- em-
- in
- embol/o
- something inserted or thrown
- embry/o
- fertilized ovum, embryo
- -emesis
- vomiting
- emet/o
- vomit
- -emia
- blood, blood condition
- en-
- in, within, into
- encephal/o
- brain
- end-, endo-
- in, within, inside
- enter/o
- intestine, usually small intestine
- ento-
- within
- epi-
- above, upon, on
- epiglott/o
- epiglottis
- episi/o
- vulva
- -er
- one who
- erect/o
- upright
- erg/o
- work
- erupt/o
- break out, burst forth
- erythemat/o
- flushed, redness
- erythr/o
- red
- es-
- out of, outside, away from
- -esis
- abnormal condition, disease
- eso-
- inward
- esophag/o
- esophagus
- -esthesia
- sensation, feeling
- esthet/o
- feeling, nervous sensation, sense of perception
- estr/o
- female
- ethm/o
- sieve, ethmoid bone
- eti/o
- cause of disease
- eu-
- good, normal, well, easy
- -eurysm
- widening
- ex-
- out of, outside, away from
- exacerb/o
- aggravate, irritate
- excori/o
- abrade or scratch
- excret/o
- separate, discharge
- exo-
- out of, outside, away from
- extern/o
- outside, outer
- extra-
- on the outside, beyond, outside
- extrins/o
- from the outside, contained outside
- exud/o
- to sweat, exude fluid
F
- faci/o
- face, form
- fasci/o
- fascia, fibrous band
- fec/a, fec/o
- dregs, sediment, waste
- femor/o
- femur, thigh bone
- fenestr/a
- window, small opening
- fer/o
- to bear, carry
- fertil/o
- fertile, able to conceive
- fet/o
- fetus, unborn child
- fibr/o
- fibrous tissue, fiber
- fibrin/o
- fibrin, fibers, threads of a clot
- fibul/o
- fibula
- -fic
- making, producing, forming
- -fication
- process of making
- -fida
- split
- filtr/o, filtrat/o
- filter, to strain through
- fiss/o
- crack, split, cleft
- flatul/o
- flatus, rectal gas
- flex/o
- bend
- fluor/o
- glowing, luminous
- foc/o
- focus, point
- follicul/o
- follicle, small sac
- foramin/o
- opening, foramen
- fore-
- before, in front of
- -form, form/o
- resembling, in the shape of
- fove/o
- small pit, depressed area
- fract/o
- break
- front/o
- front, forehead
- fund/o
- bottom, base, fundus
- fung/o
- fungus
- -fusion
- to come together
G
- galact/o
- milk
- ganglion/o
- ganglion, cluster of nerve cell bodies
- gangren/o
- tissue death, gangrene
- gastr/o
- stomach
- gemin/o
- twin, double, group
- gen-, gen/o, -gen
- producing, forming
- -gene
- production, origin, formation
- -genic, -genesis
- creation, reproduction
- -genous
- producing
- ger/i
- old age
- germin/o
- bud, sprout, embryonic tissue
- geront/o
- old age
- gest/o, gestat/o
- pregnancy, gestation to birth
- gigant/o
- giant, very large
- gingiv/o
- gingival tissue, gums
- glauc/o
- gray
- glen/o
- socket of a joint
- gli/o
- neurologic cells, supportive tissue of nervous system
- -globin
- protein
- globul/o
- shaped like a ball
- glomerul/o
- glomerulus
- glott/o
- pertaining to the tongue
- gluc/o
- glucose, sugar
- glyc/o, glycos/o
- glucose, sugar
- glycer/o
- sweet
- gon/o
- seed
- gonad/o
- gonad, sex glands
- goni/o
- angle
- -gram
- a picture or record
- granul/o
- granule(s)
- -graph
- a picture or record, machine for producing a record
- -graphy
- the process of producing a picture or record
- -gravida
- pregnant
- gynec/o
- woman, female
H
- hal/o, halit/o
- breath
- hallucin/o
- hallucination
- hem/o, hemat/o
- blood, relating to the blood
- hemi-
- half
- hemoglobin/o
- hemoglobin
- hepat/o
- liver
- hered/o, heredit/o
- inherited, hereditary
- herni/o
- hernia
- hiat/o
- opening, gap
- hidr/o
- sweat
- hirsut/o
- hairy, rough
- hist/o
- tissue
- hom/o
- same, like, alike
- home/o
- sameness, unchanging, constant
- hormon/o
- hormone
- humer/o
- humerus (upper arm bone)
- hydr/o
- relating to water
- hygien/o
- health
- hyper-
- excessive, increased
- hypn/o
- sleep
- hypo-
- deficient, decreased
- hyster/o
- uterus
I
- -ia
- abnormal condition, disease; also the plural of a singular noun ending in -ium
- -ial
- pertaining to
- -iasis
- abnormal condition, disease
- -iatrics
- field of medicine, healing
- -iatrist
- specialist
- -iatry
- field of medicine
- -ible
- capable of, able to
- -ic
- pertaining to
- -ical
- pertaining to
- -ician
- specialist
- icter/o
- jaundice
- idi/o
- peculiar to one individual or organ, also unknown
- -iferous
- bearing, carrying, producing
- -ific
- making, producing
- -iform
- shaped or formed like, resembling
- -ile
- capable of
- ile/o
- ileum, small intestine
- ili/o
- ilium, hip bone
- im-
- not
- immun/o
- immune, protection, safe
- impact/o
- pushed against, wedged against, packed
- in-
- in, into, not, without
- -in
- a substance or chemical
- incis/o
- cutting into
- -ine
- pertaining to, a substance or chemical
- infarct/o
- filled in, stuffed
- infect/o
- infected, tainted
- infer/o
- below, beneath
- inflammat/o
- flame within, set on fire
- infra-
- below, beneath, inferior to
- inguin/o
- groin
- inject/o
- to force or put in, insert
- insul/o
- island
- insulin/o
- insulin
- inter-
- between, among
- intern/o
- within, inside
- intestin/o
- intestine
- intra-
- within, inside
- intrins/o
- contained within, on the inside
- intro-
- within, into, inside
- intussuscept/o
- take up or receive within
- iod/o
- iodine
- -ion
- condition, action, process, state
- ion/o
- ion, to wander
- -ion
- pertaining to
- -is
- noun ending
- ir/i, ir/o, irid/o, irit/o
- iris, colored part of eye
- ischi/o
- ischium (hip bone)
- -ism
- condition, state of
- iso-
- equal, same
- -ist
- a person who practices, specialist
- -isy
- noun ending
- -itis
- inflammation
- -ium
- structure, tissue
- -ive
- performs, tends toward
- -ize
- to make, to treat
J
- jejun/o
- jejunum
- jugul/o
- throat
- juxta-
- beside, near, nearby
K
- kary/o
- nucleus, nut
- kel/o
- growth, tumor
- kerat/o
- horny, hard, cornea
- ket/o, keton/o
- ketones, acetones
- kines/o, kinesi/o
- movement
- -kinesis
- movement
- klept/o
- to steal
- kyph/o
- bent, hump
L
- labi/o
- lip, labium
- labyrinth/o
- maze, labyrinth, the inner ear
- lacer/o
- torn, mangled
- lacrim/o
- tears, tear duct
- lact/i, lact/o
- milk
- lamin/o
- lamina, posterior portion of a vertebra
- lapar/o
- abdomen, abdominal wall
- laryng/o
- larynx, throat
- later/o
- side
- lei/o
- smooth
- lent/o
- the lens of the eye
- lenticul/o
- lens, shaped like a lens
- -lepsy
- seizure
- -leptic
- to seize, take hold of
- leuk/o
- white
- lev/o
- raise, lift
- lex/o, -lexia
- word, phrase
- ligament/o
- ligament
- ligat/o
- binding or tying off
- lingu/o
- tongue
- lipid/o, lip/o
- fat, lipid
- -lithesis
- slipping
- lith/o, -lith
- stone, calculus
- -lithiasis
- presence of stones
- lob/o
- lobe, well-defined part of an organ
- loc/o
- place
- -logy, -log
- study of
- lord/o
- curve, swayback, bent
- lumb/o
- lumbar, lower back, loin
- lumin/o
- light, lumen
- lun/o
- moon
- lymph/o
- lymph, lymphatic tissue
- lymphaden/o
- lymph node or gland
- lymphangi/o
- lymph vessel
- -lysis
- breakdown, separation, setting free, destruction, loosening
- -lyst
- agent that causes lysis or loosening
- -lytic
- to reduce, destroy
M
- macro-
- large, abnormal size or length, long
- macul/o
- spot
- mal-
- bad, abnormal
- -malacia
- abnormal softening
- malign/o
- bad, harmful
- malle/o
- malleus, hammer
- malleol/o
- malleolus, little hammer
- mamm/o
- breast
- manu/o
- hand
- mandibul/o
- mandible, lower jaw
- -mania
- obsessive preoccupation, madness
- mast/o
- breast, mastoid process
- mastic/o
- chew
- mastoid/o
- mastoid process
- matur/o
- ripe, mature
- maxill/o
- maxilla (upper jaw)
- medi/o
- middle
- mediastin/o
- mediastinum, middle
- medic/o
- medicine, physician, healing
- medull/o
- medulla (inner section), middle, marrow
- mega-, megal/o
- large, great
- -megaly
- enlargement
- melan/o
- black, dark
- men/o
- menstruation, month
- mening/o, meningi/o
- membranes, meninges
- menisc/o
- meniscus, crescent-shaped
- menstru/o
- menstruation
- ment/o
- mind, chin
- mesenter/o
- mesentery
- mesi/o
- middle, median plane
- meso-
- middle
- meta-
- change, beyond, subsequent to, behind, after
- metabol/o
- change
- -meter
- measure, instrument used to measure
- metr/o, metri/o
- uterus
- -metrist
- one who measures
- -metry
- to measure
- micr/o, micro-
- small
- mictur/o
- urinate
- mid-
- middle
- milli-
- one-thousandth
- mineral/o
- mineral
- mio-
- smaller, less
- -mission
- to send
- mit/o
- thread, thread-like
- mitr/o
- like a miter, i.e. having two points on top
- -mnesia
- memory
- mobil/o
- capable of moving, movement
- mono-
- one, single
- morbid/o
- disease, sickness
- morph/o
- shape, form
- mort/o
- death, dead
- mot/o, motil/o
- motion, movement
- muc/o, mucos/o
- mucus
- multi-
- many, much
- muscul/o
- muscle
- mutat/o
- to change
- my/o
- muscle
- myc/o
- fungus
- mydr/o
- widening
- myel/o
- spinal cord, bone marrow
- myos/o
- muscle
- myring/o
- tympanic membrane, eardrum
- myx/o
- mucus
N
- narc/o
- numbness, stupor, sleep
- nas/o
- nose
- nat/o
- birth
- necr/o
- death
- -necrosis
- tissue death
- neo-, ne/o
- new, strange
- nephr/o
- kidney
- nerv/o, neur/i, neur/o
- nerve, nerve tissue
- neutr/o
- neither, neutral
- nitro-
- nitrogen
- noct/o
- night
- nod/o
- knot, swelling, node
- nodul/o
- little knot or node
- non-
- no, not
- nor-
- chemical compound
- norm/o
- normal or usual
- nucle/o
- nucleus
- nucleol/o
- little nucleus, nucleolus
- nulli-
- none
- nutri/o
- nourishment, food, nourish, feed
O
- ob-
- against
- obes/o
- obese, extremely fat
- obstetr/o
- pregnancy, birth
- occipit/o
- back of the skull, occiput
- ocul/o
- eye
- odont/o
- tooth
- -oid
- like, resembling
- olfact/o
- smell, sense of smell
- olig/o
- scanty, few
- -ologist
- specialist
- -ology
- the science or study of
- -oma
- tumor, neoplasm
- omphal/o
- umbilicus, the navel
- onc/o
- tumor
- -one
- hormone
- onych/o
- fingernail or toenail
- o/o
- egg
- oophor/o
- ovary
- -opaque
- obscure, not transparent
- operat/o
- perform, operate
- ophthalm/o
- eye, vision
- -opia
- vision condition
- -opsia
- vision, view of
- -opsy, opt/i, opt/o, optic/o
- eye, vision
- or/o
- mouth, oral cavity
- orch/o, orchid/o, orchi/o
- testicles, testis, testes
- -orexia
- appetite
- organ/o
- organ
- orth/o
- straight, normal, correct
- -ory
- pertaining to
- os-
- mouth, bone
- -ose
- full of, pertaining to, sugar
- -osis
- abnormal condition, disease
- -osmia
- smell, odor
- oss/e, oss/i
- bone
- ossicul/o
- ossicle (small bone)
- oste/o, ost/o
- bone
- -ostomy
- the surgical creation of an artificial opening to the body surface
- ot/o
- ear, hearing
- -otomy
- cutting, surgical incision
- -ous
- pertaining to
- ov/i, ov/o
- egg, ovum
- ovari/o
- ovary
- ovul/o
- egg, ovum
- ox/i, ox/o, ox/y
- oxygen
P
- palat/o
- palate, roof of mouth
- palpat/o
- touch, feel, stroke
- palpit/o
- throbbing, quivering
- pan-
- all, entire, every
- pancreat/o
- pancreas
- papill/o
- nipple-like, optic disc
- par-, para-
- beside, near, beyond, abnormal, apart from, opposite, along side of
- par/o
- birth
- -para
- to give birth
- parathyroid/o
- parathyroid glands
- -paresis
- partial or incomplete paralysis
- -pareunia
- sexual intercourse
- -parous
- having borne one or more children
- paroxysm/o
- sudden attack
- -partum
- childbirth, labor
- patell/o
- patella, kneecap
- path/o, -pathy
- disease, suffering, feeling, emotion
- -pause
- stopping
- pector/o
- chest
- ped/o
- child, foot
- pedicul/o
- louse (singular), lice (plural)
- pelv/i, pelv/o
- pelvic bone, pelvic cavity, hip
- pen/i, pen/o
- penis
- -penia
- deficiency, lack, too few
- pepsia, pept/o
- to digest, digestion
- per-
- completely, through
- percuss/o
- strike, tap, beat
- peri-
- surrounding, around
- perine/o
- perineum
- peritone/o
- peritoneum
- perm/e/o
- to pass or go through
- perone/o
- fibula
- -pexy
- surgical fixation
- phac/o, phak/o
- lens of eye
- phag/o
- eat, swallow
- -phage
- cell that destroys, eat, swallow
- -phagia
- eating, swallowing
- phalang/o
- phalanges, finger, toe
- phall/i
- penis
- pharmac/o, pharmaceut/o
- drug
- pharyng/o
- throat, pharynx
- phas/o
- speech
- -phasia
- to speak or speech
- phe/o
- dusky, gray
- -pheresis
- removal
- -philia, phil/o
- attraction to, like, love
- phleb/o
- vein
- -phobia
- abnormal fear
- phon/o
- sound, voice
- phor/o
- carry, bear, movement
- -phoresis
- carrying, transmission
- -phoria
- to bear, carry, feeling, mental state
- phot/o
- light
- phren/o
- diaphragm, mind
- -phylactic
- protective, preventive
- -phylaxis
- protection
- physi/o
- nature, physical
- -physis
- to grow
- pigment/o
- pigment, color
- pil/i, pil/o
- hair
- pineal/o
- pineal gland
- pinn/i
- external ear, auricle
- pituit/o, pituitar/o
- pituitary gland
- placent/o
- placenta
- plak/o, -plakia
- plaque, plate, thin flat layer or scale
- plant/i, plant/o
- sole of foot
- plas/i, plas/o
- development, growth, formation
- -plasia
- formative material of cells
- plasm/o
- something molded or formed
- -plastic
- pertaining to formation
- -plasty
- surgical repair
- -plegia
- paralysis, stroke
- -plegic
- one affected with paralysis
- pleur/o
- pleura, side of the body
- pne/o
- breath, breathing
- -pnea
- breathing
- pneum/o, pneumon/o
- lung, air
- pod/o
- foot
- -poiesis
- to make
- poli/o
- gray matter of brain and spinal cord
- poly-
- many
- polyp/o
- polyp, small growth
- poplite/o
- back of the knee
- por/o
- pore, small opening
- -porosis
- lessening in density, porous condition
- port/o
- gate, door
- post-
- after, behind
- poster/o
- behind, toward the back
- potent/o
- powerful, capable
- pract/o
- practice, pursue an occupation
- pre-
- before, in front of
- pregn/o
- pregnant, full of
- presby/o
- old age
- primi-
- first
- pro-
- before, on behalf of, supporting
- proct/o
- anus and rectum
- product/o
- lead forward, yield, produce
- pronat/o
- bent forward, face down
- pros-
- before, forward
- prostat/o
- prostate gland
- prosthet/o
- addition, appendage
- prot/o
- first
- protein/o
- protein
- proxim/o
- near
- prurit/o
- itching
- pseud/o
- false
- psor/o
- itch, itching
- psych/o
- mind
- -ptosis
- droop, sag, prolapse, fall
- -ptysis
- spitting, coughing up
- pub/o
- pubis, part of hip bone
- pulm/o, pulmon/o
- lung
- pulsat/o
- beat, beating, striking
- punct/o
- hole, prick, puncture
- pupill/o
- pupil (of the eye)
- purul/o
- pus, pus-filled
- py/o
- pus
- pyel/o
- renal pelvis, bowl of kidney
- pyr/o, pyret/o
- fever, fire
- quadr/i, quadr/o
- four
R
- radi/o
- radiation, x-rays, radius (lateral lower arm bone)
- radicul/o
- nerve root
- re-
- back, again
- recept/o
- receive, receiver
- rect/o
- rectum, straight
- reduct/o
- bring back together
- refract/o
- bend back, turn aside
- remiss/o
- give up, send back, relax
- ren/o
- kidney
- resuscit/o
- to revive
- retent/o
- hold back
- reticul/o
- network
- retin/o
- retina (of the eye), net
- retro-
- behind, backward, back of
- rhabdomy/o
- striated (skeletal) muscle
- rheumat/o
- watery flow, subject to flow
- rhin/o
- nose
- rhiz/o
- root, spinal nerve root
- rhythm/o
- rhythm
- rhytid/o
- wrinkle
- -rrhage, -rrhagia
- abnormal excessive fluid discharge
- -rrhaphy
- surgical suturing
- -rrhea
- flow, discharge
- -rrhexis
- rupture
- rug/o
- wrinkle, fold, ruga
S
- sacchar/o
- sugar
- sacr/o
- sacrum
- saliv/o
- saliva
- salping/o
- fallopian (uterine) tube, auditory (eustachian) tube
- -salpinx
- fallopian (uterine) tube
- sapr/en/o
- clear, apparent, manifest
- sarc/o
- flesh, connective tissue
- schiz/o
- division, to split
- scler/o
- sclera (white of the eye), hard
- -sclerosis
- abnormal hardening
- scoli/o
- curved, bent
- -scope
- instrument for visual examination
- -scopic
- pertaining to visual examination
- -scopy
- visual examination
- script/o
- write
- scrot/o
- bag or pouch, scrotum
- seb/o
- sebum
- secret/o
- produce, separate out
- sect/o
- cut, cutting
- semi-
- half
- semin/i
- semen, seed, sperm
- sen/o
- old age
- sens/o
- feeling, sensation
- sensitiv/o
- sensitive to, affected by
- sept/o
- infection, partition
- ser/o
- serum
- sigmoid/o
- sigmoid colon
- sin/o
- hollow, sinus
- sinistr/o
- left, left side
- sinus/o
- sinus
- -sis
- abnormal condition, disease
- sit/u
- place
- soci/o
- companion, fellow being
- -sol
- solution
- somat/o
- body
- somn/o
- sleep
- son/o
- sound
- -spasm
- sudden involuntary contraction, tightening, cramping
- spasmod/o
- tightening, cramping
- sperm/o, spermat/o
- sperm, spermatozoa, seed
- sphen/o
- sphenoid bone, wedge-shaped
- spher/o
- round, sphere, ball
- sphincter/o
- tight band, sphincter
- sphygm/o
- pulse
- spin/o
- spine, backbone
- spir/o
- to breathe, coil
- splen/o
- spleen
- spondyl/o
- vertebrae, vertebral column, backbone
- squam/o
- scale, scale-like cell
- -stalsis
- (contraction, constriction)
- staped/o
- stapes (middle ear bone)
- staphyl/o
- clusters, bunch of grapes
- -stasis, -static
- control, maintenance of a constant level
- steat/o
- fat, lipid, sebum
- sten/o
- narrowing, contracted
- -stenosis
- abnormal narrowing
- stere/o
- solid, three-dimensional
- stern/o
- sternum (breast bone)
- steth/o
- chest
- -sthenia
- strength
- stigmat/o
- point, spot
- stimul/o
- goad, prick, incite
- stom/o, stomat/o
- mouth, oral cavity
- -stomosis, -stomy
- furnish with a mouth or outlet, new opening
- strept/o
- twisted chain, curved
- styl/o
- pen, pointed instrument, stake
- sub-
- under, less, below
- sucr/o
- sugar
- sud/o, sudor/i
- sweat
- super-
- above, excessive, higher than
- supinat/o
- bent backward, lying on the back
- suppress/o
- press down
- suppur/o
- to form pus
- supra-
- above, upper, excessive
- -surgery
- operative procedure
- sym-
- with, together, joined together
- symptomat/o
- falling together, symptom(s)
- syn-
- together, with, union, association
- syncop/o
- to cut short, cut off, faint
- synovi/o, synov/o
- synovial membrane, synovial fluid
- system/o
- body system, body as a whole
- systol/o
- contraction, contracting
T
- tachy-
- fast, rapid
- tars/o
- tarsus (ankle bone), tarsal plate (on the edge of the eyelid)
- tax/o
- coordination, order
- techn/o
- skill
- tele/o
- distant, distance
- tempor/o
- temporal bone, temple (on head)
- ten/o, tend/o
- tendon, stretch out, extend, strain
- tendin/o
- tendon
- tens/o
- stretch out, extend, tension
- termin/o
- end, limit
- test/i, test/o
- testicle, testis
- tetra-
- four
- thalam/o
- thalamus
- thanat/o
- death
- thec/o
- sheath, case
- therapeut/o
- treatment
- therm/o
- heat
- thorac/o
- chest, thorax
- -thorax
- chest, pleural cavity
- thromb/o
- clot, thrombus
- thym/o
- thymus gland
- -thymia
- a state of mind
- thyr/o, thyroid/o
- thyroid gland
- tibi/o
- tibia (shin bone)
- -tic
- pertaining to
- -tion
- process, state or quality of
- toc/o, -tocin
- labor, birth
- tom/o
- cut, section, slice
- -tomy
- process of cutting
- ton/o
- tension, tone, stretching
- tonsill/o
- tonsil, throat
- tort/i
- twisted
- tox/o, toxic/o
- poison, poisonous, toxin
- trabecul/o
- little beam or cross bar, mesh
- trache/o
- trachea, windpipe
- tract/o
- draw, pull, path, bundle of nerve fibers
- tranquill/o
- quiet, calm, tranquil
- trans-
- across, through
- traumat/o
- injury
- tremul/o
- fine tremor, shaking
- tri-
- three
- trich/o
- hair
- -tripsy
- to crush
- trop/o
- to turn, change
- troph/o, -trophy
- development, nourishment
- -tropia
- to turn
- -tropin
- to stimulate, act on
- tub/o
- tube, pipe
- tubercul/o
- little knot, swelling, tuberculosis
- tuss/o
- cough
- tympan/o
- tympanic membrane, eardrum
- -type
- classification, picture
U
- -ula
- small, little
- -ule
- small one
- uln/o
- ulna (medial lower arm bone)
- ultra-
- beyond, excess
- -um
- singular noun ending
- umbilic/o
- navel
- un-
- not
- ungu/o
- nail
- uni-
- one
- ur/o
- urine, urinary tract
- -uresis
- urination
- ureter/o
- ureter
- urethr/o
- urethra
- -uria
- urination, urine
- urin/o
- urine or urinary organ
- urtic/o
- nettle, rash, hives
- -us
- thing, singular noun ending
- uter/o
- uterus
- uve/o
- iris, choroid, ciliary body (of the eye)
V
- vaccin/o
- vaccine
- vag/o
- vagus nerve, wandering
- vagin/o
- vagina
- valv/o, valvul/o
- valve
- varic/o
- varicose veins, swollen or dilated vein
- vas/o
- vas deferens, blood vessel
- vascul/o
- blood vessel, little vessel
- ven/o
- vein
- ventilat/o
- expose to air, oxygenate
- ventr/o
- in front, abdomen side of body
- ventricul/o
- ventricle of brain or heart, small chamber
- -verse, -version
- to turn
- vers/o, vert/o
- turn, travel
- vertebr/o
- vertebra, backbone
- vertig/o
- whirling round
- vesic/o
- urinary bladder
- vesicul/o
- seminal vesicle, blister, little bladder
- vestibul/o
- entrance, vestibule (of the inner ear)
- vir/o
- virus, poison
- viril/o
- masculine, manly
- vis/o
- seeing, sight, vision
- viscer/o
- viscera, internal organ
- viscos/o
- sticky, thickness
- vit/a
- life
- vitre/o
- glassy, vitreous humor (of the eye)
- vulv/o
- vulva, covering
X
- xanth/o
- yellow
- xen/o
- strange, foreign
- xer/o
- dry
- xiph/o
- sword-shaped
Y
Z
- zoo, zo/o
- (animal) life
- zygomat/o
- cheek bone