• Find image for trends of ionic charges.

Early Atomic Experiments

Plum Pudding Model
A large cloud of positive charge with small chocolate chips of negative charges.
Used cathode ray tube to tell us that atoms have negative charges.
Rutherford's Gold Foil Accepted Atomic Model
Most particles moved through gold foil.
  • Some reflected, fewer bounced back.
Told us that atoms are largely empty space with small, dense center of positive charge.

Subatomic Model

  • Most mass in center of atom, consisting of protons and neutrons.
  • Has a larger electron cloud with negative electrons, mostly empty space.
Nucleus
Dense center consisting of protons and neutrons.
Protons
Exists in the nucleus.
Mass = 1.673E-27kg