Heterotrophs
Derive organic nutrition externally
Common ancestor are protists

Microbrial eukaryotes

Animals
Eukaryotic
Multicellular
Heterotrophs
Internal processes to break down food.
Most can move (except for sponges).
Heterotrophs
Filter feeders

Sponges

Herbivores

Goats

Predators

Owls

Parasites

Lampreys

Detritivores

Shrimp

Omnivores

Humans

Carnivores

Bats

Cell Surface of an Animal
No cell wall usually
Made of glycoprotein, carbs, proteins, cytoskeleton
Extracellular Matrix ECM
Exists just outside the cell membrane
Contains collagen

Triple-alpha helix

Contains proteoglycans

Proteins + Carbs

Tight Junctions
In animal cells
Epithelial cells
Proteins connect neighboring cells tightly

Prevents leaky gut

Barrs movement of dissolved materials between cells.
Desmosomes
In animal cells
Link adjacent cells tightly, but permit materials to pass in the intercellular space.
Gap Junctions
In animal cells
Let adjacent cells communicate
Allows for sharing ions, signals.
Have connexins (channel proteins) that span into adjacent cell membranes (hydrophilic channel) for sharing nutrients/signals.
Sponges
Are primitive animals.
Filter feefers
Beating flagella moves water
Phagocytosis (choanocytes are phagocytic feeding cells).
Respiration
Structural Spicules
Are monoblastic (one tissue layer)
Sedentary
Spongin - a modified collagen protein
Reproduce sexually (fragmentation) or asexually (sperm).
Diploblast
2 tissue layers
Usually radial symmetry
Tripoblast
3 tissue layers
Bilateral symmetry