Perinatal Asphyxia

Birth Asphyxia

Description
The failure to establish breathing at birth.
Key Words
Birth Asphyxia
Last Updated
2026-06-01
Reading Time
2 minute(s)
Word Count
332 words

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Terminology

Odds-Ratio OR
An odds ratio (OR) tells you how strongly an exposure or characteristic is associated with an outcome.
OR equal to 1.0: No association. The odds are the same in both groups.
OR greater than 1.0: The exposure is associated with higher odds of the outcome.
OR less than 1.0: The exposure is associated with lower odds of the outcome (potentially protective).

Review Articles

Neonatal multiple organ failure after perinatal asphyxia ? ? Special Article
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Uncategorized

Perinatal asphyxia and hypothermic treatment from the endocrine perspective ? ? Article
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Prevalence and risk factors associated with birth asphyxia among neonates delivered in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis Su et al. 2024 Meta-Analysis
Major risk factors:
  • "Placental abruption (OR = 5; 95% CI, 3.08–8.13)"
  • "placenta previa (OR = 2.57; 95% CI, 1.84–3.58)"
  • "advanced maternal age (OR = 3.94; 95% CI, 1.46–10.62)"
  • "primigravida (OR = 5.33; 95% CI, 0.41–68.71)"
  • "premature birth (OR = 3.36; 95% CI, 2.61–4.32)"
  • "intrauterine distress (OR = 4.48; 95% CI, 3.47–5.80)"
  • "stained amniotic fluid (OR = 3.28; 95% CI, 2.25–4.79)"
  • "macrosomia (OR = 6.30; 95% CI, 0.61–65.22)"
  • "foetal malformation (OR = 7.44; 95% CI, 1.46–38.02)"
  • "breech birth (OR = 2.42; 95% CI, 1.24–4.73)"
  • "caesarean section (OR = 1.72; 95% CI, 0.91–3.24)"
  • "assisted delivery (OR = 13.62; 95% CI, 5.50–33.73)"
  • "prolonged second stage of labour (OR = 1.43; 95% CI, 0.68–3.01)"
  • "malpresentation (OR = 4.20; 95% CI, 2.21–7.99)"
Incidence of neonatal asphyxia and associated risk factors: a systematic review and cumulative meta-analysis Wang et al. 2025 Meta-Analysis
"Factors associated with neonatal asphyxia included instrumental delivery, primiparity, preterm birth, and low birth weight."
"The pooled ORs and 95% CIs for meta-analyzed risk factors of neonatal asphyxia (instrument-assisted delivery, primiparity, preterm birth, and low birth weight) were 3.10 (1.79, 5.38), 3.51 (2.15, 5.74), 2.18 (1.54, 3.09), and 2.85 (2.33, 3.49), respectively."
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