Temperature & Safety
Table 1: Cooking Temperature & Safety
| Degrees Fahrenheit | Time for Chicken | Time for Turkey | Time for Beef |
|---|---|---|---|
| 135 | 63.3 minutes | 64 minutes | 37 minutes |
| 140 | 25.2 minutes | 28.1 minutes | 12 minutes |
| 145 | 8.4 minutes | 10.5 minutes | 4 minutes |
| 150 | 2.7 minutes | 3.8 minutes | 72 seconds |
| 155 | 44.2 seconds | 1.2 minutes | 23 seconds |
| 160 | 13.7 seconds | 25.6 seconds | Instantaneous |
| 165 | Instantaneous | Instantaneous | Instantaneous |
The Food Lab by J. Kenji López-Alt 362
Pesticides
How to Remove Pesticides from Fruit
- Mix together 3 cups of cold water with a 1½ teaspoon baking soda.
- Add the fruit. Let the fruit sit for 10 to 15 minutes, then rinse it off, let it dry, and enjoy.
Baking soda helps “loosen” the pesticides if you will. Plain water will get some off but because of how well they adhere to the fruit you need something stronger to break those adhesive bonds
Equipment
- Parchment Paper
- Silicone Free, Unbleached, Uncoated
Knives
- Chef's Knife 8–10 inch
- The curve of the blade allows you to rock back and forth for mincing.
- Santoku Knife 6–8 inch
- A straight blade is better for slicing and chopping, not mincing.
- Pairing Knife Sheep's Foot 3–4 inch
- Used to hack, chop, and peel small things.
- You don't want to mince with this, so the blade should be straight.
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- A straight blade will follow the curve of a peel better than an opposing curve.
- Serrated Knife or Bread Knife 10–12 inch
- For slicing bread, meat, and some fruits.
- Ideal for cutting through thick skins without crushing the fleshy insides.
- Honing Steel 10 inch
- Used to re-align the edge of the blade so that the sharpened bit is all facing in the right direction.
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- Diamond Steels
- Honing steels that have fine diamond powder embedded in them.
- This allows them to sharpen the edge as well as straighten it.